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A
capillary is a small blood vessel connecting the small arteries to the small
vein, the capillary blood is as tained by skin puncture of blood specimen for
making as blood smear (D.C) cell count or haematocrit determination . skin
puncture specimen is prefared over vein puncture specimen for the study of a
blood smear . the skin puncture is specially recommended for babies and where
vein puncture is different (old prolonged sickness three site chosen for skin
puncture are-------------
a)
Finger
puncture (Tip of the finger for adults are older children)
b)
Heel
puncture chosen for infants
c)
Ear
lob puncture chosen for all but not occasionally done.
Capillary Puncture Procedure : -
1)
The
necessary equipments are assembied lancet, alcohol pad, any surgical gauze ,
capillary tubes microscope slide and other supplies. It made sure that the
patient is seated comfortably.
2)
A stop on the middle finger or using finger of
the left hand is fond out. Toe puncture and ear puncture are done in case of
infants whenever possible previous puncture site should be avoided.
3)
The
site is clean with a sterial cotton swab deep 70 % alcohol then the site is
dried with a dry cotton swab. This will removed dirt and epithelial debris warm
up the part chosen for preking, increase the blood circulation and rive area reitivley ,sterile
clod skin may prevent a free flow of blood. If the puncture site is wet the
blood doesn’t form into well-roupeded
drops.
4)
The
finger is grasped firmly and made a quick firm puncture with a sterile lancet
that should be 2 – 3 mm deep. A deep puncture hun to know more than a superficial one and it gives much more
satisfactory flow of blood. If it doesn’t a gentake pressure is applied to form
a round drop blood.
5)
The
first drop of blood is wiped away eith cotton swab, the first drop of blood is
container with tissue fluid and will intentere laboratory result if used.
6)
The
specimen is collected by holding a capillary tube hot determination or by
seeking in to sahlis pipette for HB
determination and blood count or by touching the drop rapid collection is
necessary to prevent coagulation.
7)
After
the blood specimen is collected the patient
is asked gauze pice over the puncture site until the bleeding has stopped.